Title: Key Provisions Of The 1987 Constitution
Course: Philippines_Political_Structure > Section: Module 63: Key Provisions Of The 1987 Constitution

Key Provisions of the 1987 Constitution

1. Preamble

The Preamble sets the tone for the constitution by expressing the goals of the Filipino people. It emphasizes unity, justice, freedom, and prosperity. For example:

“We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society…”

2. Article II: Declaration of Principles and State Policies

This article outlines the foundational principles of the state and its policies. Key provisions include:

- Section 1: The Philippines is a democratic and republican state where sovereignty resides in the people.
- Section 11: The state values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human rights.

3. Article III: Bill of Rights

The Bill of Rights is essential for protecting individual freedoms. It includes:

- Freedom of speech and of the press: Individuals have the right to express their thoughts without censorship.
- Right to due process: Guarantees that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.

4. Article VI: Legislative Department

This article establishes the legislative branch, which is responsible for making laws. Key points include:

- Bicameral Legislature: Composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. For example, the Senate is tasked with ratifying treaties and confirming presidential appointments.

5. Article VII: Executive Department

This article outlines the role of the President and the Executive branch. Important provisions include:

- Section 1: The President is the head of state, government, and commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces.
- Section 3: The President shall serve a term of six years and is not eligible for re-election.

6. Article VIII: Judicial Department

This article defines the structure and powers of the judiciary, emphasizing the independence of judges. Features include:

- Supreme Court: The highest court and final arbiter of legal disputes. It ensures that laws align with the Constitution.

7. Article X: Local Government

This article outlines the framework for local government units, emphasizing their autonomy. Key provisions include:

- Local Government Code: Grants local governments substantial power and responsibility to govern their jurisdictions effectively.

Conclusion